Arrangement of the delivery of the warp threads to circular weaving looms



May 25, 1954 J. DUNOD 2,679,264

ARRANGEMENT OF THE DELIVERY OF THE WARP THREADS TO CIRCULAR WEAVINGLOOMS Filed July 26, 1951 e Sheets-Sheet 1 May 25, 1954 DUNQD 2,679,264-

ARRANGEMENT OF THE DELIVERY OF THE WARP THREADS TO CIRCULAR WEAVINGLOOMS Filed July 26, 1951 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ll I6 2| 14a I2 4 5615] I7 l8nvm+or: Tenn IDUIVOD M40 rmzy y 2 4 J. DUNOD 2,679,264 I ARRANGEMENT OFTHE DELIVERY OF .THE WARP THREADS TO CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOMS Filed July26, 1951 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 I Jnvewl'or flan Duh/0D (4 ,1. M 51%" May 25,1954 DUNOD 2,679,264

J. ARRANGEMENT OF THE DELIVERY OF THE WARP THREADS TO CIRCULAR WEAVINGLOOMS Filed July 26, 1951 U'hvu-F r: Fig.9 I 724" Dwvoo yjfldazwdwA'Hvrmev 6 Sheets-Sheet 4- May 25, 1954 Filed July 26 1951 UNOD2,679,264

J. D ARRANGEMENT OF THE DELIVERY OF THE WARP THREADS TO CIRCULAR WEAVINGLOOMS 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 43 Fly. 70

. Jmvemk'or V ean Dayan l Mfl-4 May 25, 1954 J. DUNOD 2, 7 6

ARRANGEMENT OF THE DELIVERY OF THE WARP THREADS TO CIRCULAR WEAVINGLOOMS Filed July 26, 1951 e Sheets-Sheet e ol q- 3:.

' MWJW 6'; WW

Patented May 25, 1954 FFICE UNITED .3 can Dunod, Paris, France, assignorto Qualitex- Societe Dunod & Cie, Paris, France, a corporation of FranceApplication July 26, 1951, Serial No. 238,673

Claims priority, application France July 27, 1950 5 matin s. i

The invention relates to an arrangement of the delivery of the warpthreads to a circular weaving loom in which the warp threads, wound onsix beams or cylinders disposed circularly at the base of the loom alongthe sides of a regular hexagon, pass thence over a thread-carrying barwhere curvature permits of a geometric transition, without constraint,from the plane surface formed by the assemblage of warp threads leavingeach beam to the cylindrical weaving surface, the threads being thenpassed into the eyes of the heddles and between the teeth of thecircular reed.

One object of the invention is to arrange the beams carrying the warpthreads in a convenient and reliable manner and to permit of their easychanging.

Another object is to brake these beams in order to ensure the regularunwinding of the thread.

Another object is to provide an arrangement for giving warning in thecase of breakage of a warp thread.

Another object of the invention is to produce a thread-carrying bar ofappropriate shape.

In the annexed drawings, there is represented diagrammatically and byway of example one mode of carrying out the invention.

Figure 1 is a plan showing the arrangement of warp thread cylinders orbeams.

Figure 2 shows in elevation a stool mounted upon the platformconstituted by the lower frame and the cylinder-carrying carriages.

Figure 3 shows in elevation the braking system for a cylinder.

Figure 4 shows in perspective a broken warp detector arrangement.

Figures 5-10 and 10a show the principle of the transformation withoutconstraint of the flat sheet of warp threads into a cylindrical sheet.

Figure 11 shows in elevation one half of a loom in which the inventionis embodied.

Figure 12 shows in vertical section the other half of the loom.

Referring first to Figures 1 and 2 and accessorily to Figures 11 and 12,it will be seen from Figure 1 that the lower frame is composed of sixiron bars I of I-section equidistant and arranged according to radii ofa circle. This frame has for its centre the centre 55d of the weavingloom. Upon each of these bars and towards their outer extremity there ismounted a sheet metal sector 2. These sheet metal sectors constitute thefixed part of the circular track.

In the six intervals between the sectors are placed thecylinder-carrying or beam-carrying carriages l (Figures 1 and 2) ofwhich five only are shown in Figure 1. These can be displaced radiallyon rails 3 so as to permit of clearing passages giving access to theinterior of the loom for the repair of any derangement (breakage ofthread etc).

These carriages constructed of .welded section bars support, at theirextremities situated towards the centre of the loom, the cylinders 8upon which are wound the warp threads 26. They are furnished at theirupper part with a sheet metal part ta which comes level with the sheetsof the sectors 2, assuring the continuity of the circular track.Finally, the sectors 2 and the carriages are provided at their outeredges with a guiding means such as a tube 5. Two stools 6 (only one ofwhich is shown in Figures 1 and 2, the second being symmetricallymounted on the rails 3 in Figure 1) are utilized for the surveillance ofthe shuttle, arrangements for changing bobbins and for the rolling up ofthe fabric. These stools move upon the platform thus constituted and areguided upon the tube 5 by two wheels 'i mounted on each stool by afitting la'il, which wheels by bearing against one part or another ofthe tube 5 pervent any swinging.

A carriage t is also seen in Figure 11 and a stool (i in Figure 12.

Each cylinder 8 is constituted by a reel turning about a fixed axis I 52(Figures 1 and 3). Upon each of two flanges I53 of the reel there aremounted two drums to used for braking. The fixed axis 52 is mounted intwo bearing blocks 2:3 (Figures 1, 3 and 11) carried by the carriage aspreviously indicated.

The braking of the cylinder is performed as shown in Figure 3. The brakecomprises a detector roller 9 which follows the variation of theexternal diameter of the cylinder charged with thread, a brake band itfurnished with friction material, a bent lever H articulated at it on afixed point of the frame and connected at 15 by a strap laidto the bandit, a tension spring l2 attached at it to the lever H and at H to alever l55a keyed upon the axle it of the arm I55 supporting the rollert, and means for regulating the tension. This latter comprises a leveris pivoted at its to a fixed mounting I56 solid with the frame of themachine, and a screw 20 which screws in the lever l3 and the extremityiii? of which bears upon the frame. The brake band it! is attached tothe lever 53 by a hook M engaging a pin Ma of the lever 13. The spring62 is always in tension. The arm ltd supporting the detector roller 9 isarticulated at 18 to 3 the frame of the machine. Of course, there is asingle detector roller 9 for each beam, but the remainder of the brakingdevice is duplicated, such a device cooperating with each of the brakedrums. This results clearly from the symmetrical construction of eachbeam as a whole.

The detector roller 9 follows the diminution of diameter of the cylinderconsequent upon the unwinding of the thread; the point H approaches thepoint i6, thus diminishing the fiexure and consequently the tractiveeffort of the spring l2 upon the lever H; the latter turns a littleabout the point l9 and diminishes the tension of the brake band it uponthe drum 8a of the cylinder. This arrangement which opposes to theunwinding a constant resistance permits of conserving a variable tensionfor the sheet of warp threads, whatever may be the state of charge ofthe cylinder. Moreover, it is possible to regulate the tension of theband [2 and consequently to tension more or less the warp threads, byscrewing r unscrewing the screw 28 according, on the one hand, to thenumber of threads utilized in the warp and, on the other hand, the warpcount. By screwing the screw 26 downwardly, that is to say, in such adirection that the corresponding end of the lever i3 pivots upwardlyabout its fulcrum 13a (since the lower end of the screw always bearsupon the fixed frame), the pin Hill is lowered, pulling consequentlydown the hook l4 and the attached end of the band if]. This causes thebraking of the cylinder, and consequently results in increasing thetension of the warp threads.

For dismounting the cylinder, the screw 29 i is unscrewed to diminishthe tension of the band it and the lever H is swung until its arm I58bears against a fixed stop 2!. The hook I 4 can then be disengaged fromthe pin I ia. Then the arm E55 of the detector 9 can be swung about thepoint 8. The arm I55 carries a lateral pin 22 which comes intoengagement with the extremity 159 of a bent lever 23 pivoted at I60 tothe frame and operated by means of a pedal furnished with a restoringspring 2511. A screw 24?) i is then unscrewed, which screw normallymaintains the cap device 24a upon the block 24 and the cap device isswung over.

For re-mounting the cylinder, it is placed upon the bearing blocks 24 ofthe carriage 4. The cap devices 22a are then turned down and fixed bythe screws 2%, and the brake band is reconnected at I4, Ma. The pin 22of the arm I55 of the detector 9 being already engaged at I59,

it sufiices to press upon the pedal 25 to liberate the arm 55 and tocause it to restore the detector to its place upon the cylinder, Thetension of the brake band is then regulated by means of the screw 20 asindicated above.

On leaving the cylinder, the warp threads 26, which are in the form of aplane sheet, pass into a broken-warp detector arrangement. This isconstituted in the following manner (Figure 4):

Each warp thread 26 passes over a first roller 21 then through a hole28a pierced in a conductive blade 28 which it traverses and finally overa second roller 29. The blades 28 are guided by conductive spacers 282)connected to a box 32. When one of the threads breaks, the blade 28which it traverses falls upon a conductive plate 3i] insulated from thebox 32 by a layer 30a. The blade 28, taking a position such as thatindicated diagrammatically at 28 by dotted lines, establishes contactbetween the plate 30 and a wall of the box 32 through the intermediaryof the spacers 28b and this closes an electrical circuit representedgenerally by 3!. The walls form a sort of box 32 extending over thewhole width of the sheet of threads and a compressed air conduit 33debouches at the base of the box to blow away fluff which would have atendency to deposit upon the plate 30 and prevent contact of the blades28 with the plate. The rollers 2i and 29 are mounted upon the box 32 bysupports Zia, 29a.

The closing of the circuit 3| by the fall of a blade 28 releases asafety arrangement 02, for warning or stoppage purposes, which forms nopart of the present invention but is, preferably, of the type describedin U. S. Patent No. 2,587,- 982, or in my copending application for U.S. Letters Patent, filed on August 2, 1950, Serial No. 177,281.

After having cleared the second roller 29 of the warp-break detector,the threads 26 should be passed on to the harness and the reed. It isecessary therefore to transform the plane sheet of warp threads into acylindrical sheet of the same width developed, that is to say such thatthe threads are equidistantly spaced from one another, In order thatthese threads shall have no tendency to separate laterally from theideal line, it is necessary that such line represents the shortestdistance measured along the length of the thread between the point ofdeparture from the cylinder and the point of arrival at the eyelet ofthe heddle which it traverses, or more precisely upon the correspondingpoint of the interior circle of a curved bar 38 placed in theneighborhood of the eyelets of the heddles 43 and it and in front ofthem (Figures 5 and 12).

Figures 5-10 and 10a show diagrammatically the action of the bar 34which serves to transform the plane fleece or sheet of warp threads intoa cylindrical sheet. This bar has a curvature determined by thefollowing consideration: Let AB (Figure 5) be the line perpendicularlyto which the rectilinear distribution of the warp threads is made whenthey leave the roller 29 of the broken-thread detector, that is to sayin practice the generatrix along which the threads 25 leave the roller.

These threads should be distributed in the same fashion following thearc MB of the interior circumference of the curved bar 38 when developedlength is equal to the length of the straight line AB. It will beevident that, without some special arrangement, the thread leaving Awill arrive at Z over A 13 (path represented by broken line) followingthe radius of the are A 13 that is to say following the shortest pathfrom the point A to the point 0 situated on the axis of the loom.

For this thread to pass at A it is necessary that it should suffer adeformation which causes it to pass through a point A situated in animaginary line my.

In practice, however, one cannot utilise at A a conventional system ofguidance such as a reed or an eyelet, for this would produce constraintand additional friction, which are causes of thread breakage.

The invention permits of precisely this deficiency to be remedied:

Suppose, for the sake of simplicity, that AB and A B are in the samehorizontal plane, which can always be provided for in practice, and thatan inwardly curved bar 34, whose concavity will be directed upwardly(Figure 6), is disposed at my.

ac'r-cgaco Referring to Figure 5, it will be seenthat the thread 26 issubjected at A to a pull which is transmitted by two equal, butdifierently directed, forces F These two forces have a resultant As itnot perpendicular to the tangent at A 1 to the curve my, that is to sayto the line of contact of the threads 2% and the there is componentdirected along this tangent Figure '5) to the right orleft of the planeof the thread In Figure 7, it will be seen that R, which is notperpendicular to the tangent at A can be resolved into two forces C andC l'he thread 2-3 passing througl'i A thus has the tendency to becomedisplaced under the influence of C and in the direction of this force.

As however, on the one hand, A is fixed and. on the other hand, HA isdirected towards the center of the circumference to which pertains theare A 3 (Figure 5), the plane AA A is determined and, for the componentC to be neutralised, it is necessary that this plane should pivot inrelation to the plane of the curve until the point at which the vector Bcontained in the plane ANA is perpendicular to the plane of the curve.

There is thus a position of equilibrium, and only one, for the point Asuch that the resultant R of the applied to the thread is perpendlcu ,rto .'l tangent A to the curve say, i. e. a tangent determined. by thenature of the said curve.

It will thus be eadily appreciated that, if the inclination of the planeof the curve to the horizontal plane passing through AB is varled, thethreads will slide along the curve my until they p through suitablepoints A Numerous experiments have shown that, in practice, the curve561/ may be constituted by an arc of a curve or" the second order or aseries of are connected. tangentially and belonging to such curves,depending upon the dimensions of the loom and the resistance to thetension of the threads used for the weaving, The bar 35 is thus suchthat its line of contact with the threads is a curve of the aforesaid.type and the correct setting is obtained by inclining to a greater orlesser extent the plane of this line of contact in relation to thehorizontal plane passing through AB, that is to say through thegeneratrix along which the threads 25 leave the bar 29.

In Figure there will be seen at P the horizontal plane passing throughAB and at Q the plane containing the curve 31/. The angle 0 betweenthese two planes can be varied by regulation by means or" the mechanismshown in Figures 9, l0 and 10a which permits, by variation of the angle0, of variation at each point in of the slope of the tangent to thiscurve until it is brought perpendicular to the resultant R of the forcesapplied to the thread.

In Figures 3, l9 and 10a, there will be seen at 34 the threadcarryingbar which is pivoted at its two ends in spherical bearings 36 secured tothe frame as or" the loom through the intermediary of supports 3i.

The regulation of the inclination of the bar 34 is effected by means ofa double screw which screws in two rods 4i! and s! the first of which isthreaded in one direction and the second in the opposite direction. Therod id is connected to the bar 34 by a cover part 42 and the rod M isfixed at 3 to the frame 39,

In Figure 9, the bar 3% alone is seen, whilst Figure 10 showsdiagrammatically the respective positions of thebars 29'; 3d and 38;Figure 10a shows on a larger scale the mounting-of one end of the baras, throughsphericalball bearing 35, on the support El carried-by theframe 39; The distribution of thewarp threads over an kind. Where theyleave the curved bar 33, the. threads 2% arepassed in known manner intothe eyes of the heddles as and 4d and thence into the ga s of the reedN28 (Figure 12) What I claim-is:

1. Apparatus for delivering warp threads toa circular weaving loomcomprising in combination six beams disposed circularly at the base ofloom along the sides of a regular hexagon and carrying the warp threads,movable carriages supporting the said beams said beams being detachablefrom said carriages, rails upon which the said carriages move; brakemembers foreach beam, a device termed a broken-warp detector acrosswhich pass the threads upon leaving the beam, and a thread-supportingbar of predetermined curvature for transforming without constraint theplane surface formed by the warp threads leaving the beam and detectorinto the cylindrical weaving surface.

2. Apparatus for delivering warp threads to a circular weaving loomcomprising in combination beam-carrying carriages, beams carried bythese carriages and detachable from said carriages and each of whichcomprises a flanged cylinder turning about a fixed axle supported in twobearings on the corresponding carriage, brake drums integral with thecylinder flanges, brake bands bearing upon these drums, at cranked leverpivoted on a corresponding carriage and connected to an extremity of thecorresponding brake band, a straight lever also pivoted on saidcorresponding carriage, a spring connecting the extremities of thestraight lever and of the corresponding cranked lever, a feeler normallyin contact with the thread on the beam and pivoted on the correspondingcarriage about the same axis as the straight lever, an arrangement forregulating the tension of each brake band, and means comprising a hookand a pin for temporarily maintaining the feeler away from the cylinder,a broken-warp detector across which pass the warp threads leaving eachbeam, and a thread-carrying bar for converting without restraint theplane fleece of warp threads into the cylindrical weaving surface.

3. Apparatus for delivering warp threads to a circular weaving loomcomprising in combination a frame constituted by six I-bars disposedradially at the base of the loom, sheet-metal sectors mounted upon thesebars, rails disposed radially between each sector, and an annularguiding member surrounding the platform formed by these sheets, beamsupporting carriages moving upon the said rails and having sheets in thesame horizontal plane as the sector sheets, beams detachably supportedby the carriages and carrying the warp threads, braking members for eachbeam, a broken-warp detector disposed where the threads leave each beam,and a thread-carrying bar for converting without restraint the planesurface of the warp threads into the cylindrical weaving surface.

4. Apparatus of delivering warp threads to a circular weaving loom,comprising in combination beams carrying the warp threads, a brokenwarpdetector constituted by two rectilinear bars over which pass the warpthreads and having between them parallel conducting blades pierced withholes for the passage of the warp threads, a box, also conducting,supporting the bars and containing the blades, spacing members, for theblades, also conducting and connected to the box, a conducting baseplate insulated in relation to the box, and an electrical circuitcomprising an alarm device, a source of current, the box and the spacingmembers on the one hand and the base plate on the other hand, and athread-carrying bar for converting without constraint the plane surfaceof the warp threads into the cylindrical weaving surface.

5. Apparatus for delivering warp threads to a circularweaving loom,comprising in combination beams carrying the warp threads, brokenwarpdetectors disposed when the threads leave these beams, a curvedhorizontal bar the internal generatrix of which determines thecylindrical weaving surface, thread-carrying bars whose line of contactwith the warp threads is 8 constituted, for each beam by a curve of thesecond order or by several successive arcs of such curves, and means forvarying, for regulation purposes, the inclination of the thread-carryingbars and comprising a double screw mounted upon two threaded rods thefirst of which is threaded in one direction and the second in theopposite direction and fixed one to the frame of the loom and the otherto the middle of the thread-carrying bar, this latter hearing at itsextremities against two spherical bearings.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 714,090 Wyman Nov, 18, 1902 851,450 Petersen Mar. 8, 19102,141,679 Balsach Dec. 27, 1938 2,313,300 Pelee Mar. 9, 1943 2,381,670Kurkjian Aug. 1 45 2,395,630 Kurkjian Feb. 26, 1946 2,419,437 BricoutApr. 22, 1947

